1-Intended+Curriculum

__Content specific__** Many subjects and courses have specific guidelines for curriculum content. __**State & National standards**__ __State standards;__ All states have adopted curriculum guidelines that can be found online. Most teachers are expected to be aware of and include these guidelines in their intended curriculum.
 * The current primary influences of curriculum in the United States are; specific content, State and National standards, school guidelines and grade level expectations.
 * __Example__; Advanced Placement Chemistry is designed to help students pass an Advanced Placement Chemistry test with predetermined questions. The course is designed to prepare students to take and pass a specific test. So the content has been predetermined for the instructor.
 * __Example;__ In Missouri, performance goals have been developed for Science as follows;

//Science//
In Science, students in Missouri public schools will acquire a solid foundation which includes knowledge of //1. properties and principles of matter and energy// //2. properties and principles of force and motion// //3. characteristics and interactions of living organisms// //4. changes in ecosystems and interactions of organisms with their environments// //5. processes (such as plate movement, water cycle, air flow) and interactions of earth’s biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere// //6. composition and structure of the universe and the motions of the objects within it// //7. processes of scientific inquiry (such as formulating and testing hypotheses)// //8. impact of science, technology and human activity on resources and the environment// [|Show Me Standards] http://www.dese.mo.gov/standards/science.html

__National standards;__ There is ongoing debate about the constitutional legality of allowing mandated National curriculum standards. However there is also a growing body of support for National expectations. //August 7, 2009// //**State Board of Education Agrees to Join**// //**“Common Core State Standards” Project**// //The State Board of Education voted yesterday to authorize Commissioner of Education Chris L. Nicastro to join t he [|Common Core State Standards Initiative], a national project to establish more consistent academic standards in English and mathematics for K-12 students.// //The State Board of Education had been on record as being opposed to the adoption of “national standards” or national tests. As a result, Missouri was one of the few states that had not yet agreed to join the project.// //The program is being conducted by the National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and the Council of Chief State School Officers, in partnership with Achieve, Inc., ACT and The College Board.// //“We believe it is essential for Missouri to be part of the national dialogue about academic standards and expectations. We are looking forward to working with Governor Nixon and other stakeholders as we move ahead on this project,” said David Liechti, St. Joseph, president of the State Board of Education.// //Gov. Jay Nixon recently announced his commitment to the effort and sent a memorandum of agreement to the National Governors Association signaling his intent to participate.// //“I think we have nothing to lose and much to gain by joining the Common Core State Standards effort,” Nicastro said. “Missouri has already set high standards in English and mathematics. We need to make sure we continue to lead in the area of standards and accountability.// //“We now have a patchwork of differing state-developed standards, and that has become a barrier to improving academic performance for all students. The Common Core project is a constructive effort, led by the states themselves, to define academic goals and priorities for all schools,” she said.// //[| Common Core State Standards Initiative] http://www.dese.mo.gov/news/2009/corestandards.htm// __**School guidelines**__ Most schools have a philosophy that speaks to the pedagogical mission of the school. This philosophy influences curriculum decisions within the institution. //"We are all working for the unfoldment of character, and it has been said that there is not enough of that in the classroom. That is our real work. An instructor must help his students to find themselves. The subject matter of the classroom is only the vehicle for the larger purpose. The vital thing is not merely intellectual progress, but it is spiritual progress." Mary Kimball Morgan founder of The Principia School [|The Principia School Philosophy]// http://www.prin.edu/about/philosophy.htm
 * __Example;__
 * __Example;__ Is the school focused on college preparation or character development? This will greatly influence whether the school has more Advanced Placement courses or a theme integrated throughout the schools curriculum like The Principia School.

__**Grade level expectations**__ Missouri has established Grade Level Expectations or GLE's that most teachers are expected to target in their curriculum development. These are designed to be more specific and help guide teachers to the appropriate content for the age, prevent duplication of content and allow for subject mapping consistency across the state. Grade Level Expectations in Missouri for science [|GLE's]
 * __Example;__

__**Other**__ Are the really important questions being asked in the previous examples of intended curriculum development? "What should students know and be able to do? Why? Who decides? What does evidence of that learning look like?" (Grant Wiggins and Jay McTighe, 2005 pg 17)
 * __Example;__

** __Discussion__ ** ** Additions to this wiki page; ** "resources / funding to implement the intended teachers need to be included in who decides the aims of the curriculum. Intended aim needs to match the assessed. '
 * What else might influence your curriculum development?
 * What else needs to be considered?